HTTP代理服务器
HTTP代理服务器
科学上网和调试网站时经常会用到代理服务器,那么代理服务器是怎么实现的呢?代理服务器和web服务器本身没有太多差别,如果是走代理请求浏览器会把请求发送到代理服务器,并且请求报文中使用完整URI(参考下图中a/b)。
使用telnet模拟普通请求1
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20$ telnet css.kekek.cc 80
Trying 47.94.202.145...
Connected to css.kekek.cc.
Escape character is '^]'.
GET / HTTP/1.0
host: css.kekek.cc
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: openresty
Date: Fri, 24 Aug 2018 08:48:31 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 3876
Last-Modified: Thu, 03 May 2018 13:28:06 GMT
Connection: close
ETag: "5aeb0e66-f24"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
...
使用telnet模拟显示代理请求1
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20$ telnet proxy.kekek.cc 1337
Trying 39.106.12.213...
Connected to proxy.kekek.cc.
Escape character is '^]'.
GET http://css.kekek.cc/ HTTP/1.0
host: css.kekek.cc
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
server: openresty
date: Fri, 24 Aug 2018 08:50:21 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
content-length: 3876
last-modified: Thu, 03 May 2018 13:28:06 GMT
connection: close
etag: "5aeb0e66-f24"
accept-ranges: bytes
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
...
HTTPS模式下的代理和HTTP方式会有所不同,因为我们无法解析HTTPS请求。针对这种情况只能使用透传的方式,在tcp层直接将请求转发到目标服务器即可。
PAC
现代浏览器几乎都支持 Proxy Auto-Configuration (PAC),这个可以让我们更灵活的使用代理。比如公司网站使用代理其它网站不走代理,有了PAC这都可以做到。PAC是一个JavaScript文件,MIME为application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig
。每个PAC文件必须有一个名为FindProxyForURL(url,host)
的函数,用来计算访问URI时使用的代理服务器。函数返回值格式如下表:
FindProxyForURL的返回值 | 描 述 |
---|---|
DIRECT | 不经过任何代理,直接进行连接 |
PROXY host:port | 应该使用指定的代理 |
SOCKS host:port | 应该使用指定的 SOCKS 服务器 |
示例:1
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11// Proxy Auto-Configuration (PAC) file
var proxy = "PROXY proxy.kekek.cc:1337; DIRECT;";
var direct = 'DIRECT;';
function FindProxyForURL(url, host){
if (/\.google\.com$/.test(host)) {
return proxy;
} else {
return direct;
}
}
可以使用pacparser来测试我们的PAC文件。1
brew install pacparser
代码实现
GitHub1
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167// 2018-08-24 17:20:00
const http = require('http');
const net = require('net');
const url = require('url');
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 1337;
const HOST = process.env.HOST || '127.0.0.1';
const MY_IP = '0.0.0.0';
const SERVER_TIMEOUT = 2 * 60 * 1000; // 2mins
const SEND_TIMEOUT = 1000;
const PROXY_TIMEOUT = 60 * 1000; // 1mins
// 创建一个 HTTP 代理服务器
const proxy = http.createServer();
proxy.on('request', (cReq, cRes) => {
const cUrl = cReq.url;
console.log(cUrl);
// 代理模式
if (cUrl.startsWith('http')) {
const { method, headers } = cReq;
const { hostname, port = 80, path } = url.parse(cReq.url);
// via
let via = headers['via'];
if (via) {
via = via += ', 1.1 proxy.kekek.cc (KEKE-Proxy)';
} else {
via = '1.1 proxy.kekek.cc (KEKE-Proxy)';
}
headers['via'] = via;
// x-forward-for
let ips = headers['x-forward-for'];
if (ips) {
ips += `, ${MY_IP}`;
} else {
ips = MY_IP;
}
headers['x-forward-for'] = ips;
// Max-Forwards
// 服务器响应超时
// cRes.setTimeout(SEND_TIMEOUT, () => {
// cRes.writeHead(504, { 'content-type': 'text/plain' });
// cRes.end('Send Timeout');
// });
// <http.ClientRequest>
const pReq = http.request({ hostname, port, path, method, headers });
pReq
.setTimeout(PROXY_TIMEOUT)
.on('response', (pRes) => {
// <http.IncomingMessage>
console.log(`[response] [proxy] ${cUrl}`);
cRes.writeHead(pRes.statusCode, pRes.headers);
pRes.pipe(cRes);
})
.on('timeout', () => {
// 代理请求超时
console.log(`[timeout] [proxy-req] ${cUrl}`);
pReq.abort();
})
.on('abort', () => {
console.log(`[abort] [proxy-req] ${cUrl}`);
})
.on('close', () => {
console.log(`[close] [proxy-req] ${cUrl}`);
})
.on('error', (err) => {
console.log(`[error] [proxy-req] ${cUrl} \r\n${err.stack}`);
cRes.writeHead(500, { 'content-type': 'text/plain' });
cRes.end(`Proxy Error: ${err.code || err.message || err.name}`);
});
// 请求重定向
cReq.pipe(pReq);
// 客户端中止
cReq.on('aborted', () => {
console.log(`[aborted] [client] ${cUrl}`);
// 中止代理
pReq.abort();
});
} else {
// http-server
if (cUrl === '/proxy.pac') {
cRes.setHeader('content-type', 'application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig');
const pac = `// Proxy Auto-Configuration (PAC) file
// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Proxy_servers_and_tunneling/Proxy_Auto-Configuration_(PAC)_file
// DIRECT 不经过任何代理,直接进行连接
// PROXY host:port 应该使用指定的代理
// SOCKS host:port 应该使用指定的 SOCKS 服务器
var proxy = "PROXY proxy.kekek.cc:1337; DIRECT;";
var direct = 'DIRECT;';
function FindProxyForURL(url, host){
if (/\.\kekek\.cc$/.test(host)) {
return proxy;
} else {
return direct;
}
}`;
cRes.end(pac);
} else {
cRes.setHeader('content-type', 'text/plain');
cRes.end('proxy: proxy.kekek.cc\r\nport: 1337\r\npac: http://proxy.kekek.cc:1337/proxy.pac');
}
}
});
// https
proxy.on('connect', (req, cltSocket, head) => {
console.log(req.url, head.length)
// 连接到一个服务器
const { port, hostname } = url.parse(`http://${req.url}`);
const srvSocket = net.connect(port, hostname);
srvSocket.on('connect', () => {
cltSocket.write('HTTP/1.1 200 Connection Established\r\n' +
'Proxy-agent: Node.js-Proxy\r\n' +
'\r\n');
srvSocket.write(head);
// 连接管道
srvSocket.pipe(cltSocket);
cltSocket.pipe(srvSocket);
});
// srvSocket.on('end', () => {
// // 远程服务器断开
// console.log(`[end] ${req.url}`);
// cltSocket.end();
// });
// srvSocket.on('timeout', () => {
// console.log(`[timeout] ${req.url}`);
// srvSocket.end();
// cltSocket.end();
// });
// srvSocket.on('close', (hasError) => {
// // 远程服务器完全断开
// console.log(`[close] ${req.url} ${hasError}`);
// });
srvSocket.on('error', (err) => {
// 远程服务器报错
console.log(`[error] ${req.url} \r\n${err.stack}`);
const error = `Proxy Error: ${err.code || err.message || err.name}`
cltSocket.end(`HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error\r\ncontent-type:text/plain\r\ncontent-length:${err.length}\r\n\r\n${error}`);
});
});
proxy.on('listening', () => {
console.log(`Proxy-Server running on http://${HOST}:${PORT}`);
});
// 代理服务器正在运行
proxy.listen(PORT, HOST);